Pronouns, so far
Properties:
-
can replace a noun (hic
uxorem habet)
-
can modify a noun (hic
vir uxorem habet)
-
agree with antecedent in number and gender
-
case is determined by how the pronoun
functions in its own sentence (Cicero uxorem
habet; ea hunc amat)
Endings:
| |
singular
|
plural
|
| |
m |
f |
n |
m |
f |
n |
| Nom |
According to dictionary entry
|
-î |
-ae |
-a |
| Gen |
-ius |
-ius |
-ius |
-ôrum |
-ârum |
-ôrum |
| Dat |
-î |
-î |
-î |
-îs |
-îs |
-îs |
| Acc |
-um |
-am |
Like nom s. |
-ôs |
-âs |
-a |
| Abl |
-ô |
-â |
-ô |
-îs |
-îs |
-îs |
Demonstrative
(Nota bene: demonstrô):
-
hic, haec, hoc -- this,
these
-
ille, illa, illud -- that,
those
-
is, ea, id -- he,
she, it, they
-
îdem, eadem, idem -- the
same
Special –ius Adjectives decline
like ille, illa, illud
| Unus |
Neuter |
| Nullus |
Alius |
| Ullus |
Uter |
| Solus |
Totus |
| |
Alter |
Intensive -self
(himself, herself, myself …):
Personal (replaces
a particular person):
| |
1st
person |
2nd
person |
3rd
person |
| |
singular |
plural |
singular |
plural |
|
| Nom |
ego |
nôs |
tu |
vôs |
is, ea, id |
| Gen |
meî |
nostrî |
tuî |
vestrî |
|
| Dat |
mihi |
nobîs |
tibi |
vobîs |
|
| Acc |
mê |
nôs |
tê |
vôs |
|
| Abl |
mê |
nobîs |
tê |
vobîs |
|
Reflexive (reflects
back to the subject):
| |
1st
person |
2nd
person |
3rd
person |
| |
singular |
plural |
singular |
plural |
|
| Gen |
meî |
nostrî |
tuî |
vestrî |
suî |
| Dat |
mihi |
nobîs |
tibi |
vobîs |
sibi |
| Acc |
mê |
nôs |
tê |
vôs |
sê |
| Abl |
mê |
nobîs |
tê |
vobîs |
sê |
-
Narcissus se videt.
-
"me video," dixit Narcissus.
-
"te vides, Narcisse," dixit virgo.
-
"nos videmus," dixerunt Narcissus virgoque.
-
"vos videtis, Narcisse virgoque," dixit
Cicero.
-
"Narcissus et virgo se vident," dixit
tyrannus.
Possessive and Reflexive
Adjectives –
serve two masters
-
refer back to the owner
-
agree in case, number, and gender with
the modified nouns
-
meus, mea, meum -- my
-
noster, nostra, nostrum -- our
-
tuus, tua, tuum -- your (s)
-
vester, vestra, vestrum -- your
(pl)
-
suus, sua, suum -- his own; her own;
its own; their own (note the number and gender of the subject)
-
pater filiam suam laudat
-
mater filium suum laudat
-
suas filias laudabunt pater materque
-
suos filios laudabant pater materque
-
nostram filiam laudavimus
-
nostrum filium laudaveramus
-
vestram filiam laudavistis
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