Third Declension Adjectives:
1. Determine the declension
group to which an adjective belongs:
-
if –a, -um, then 1st/2nd
declension
-
if not –a, -um, then 3rd
declension
-
acer, acris, acre
-
bellus, bella, bellum
-
bonus, bona, bonum
-
brevis, breve
-
celer, celeris, celere
-
dulcis, dulce
-
felix (felicis)
-
fortis, forte
-
ingens (ingentis)
-
iucundus, iucunda, iucundum
-
liber, libera, liberum
-
magnus, magna, magnum
-
meus, mea, meum
-
miser, misera, miserum
-
multus, multa, multum
-
noster, nostra, nostrum
-
novus, nova, novum
-
omnis, omne
-
suus, sua, suum
-
tuus, tua, tuum
2. Find the stem:
-
if 1st/2nd declension,
drop –a or -um
-
if 3rd declension, drop neuter
ending
-
or drop (genitive) ending
3: attach the appropriate
endings depending upon the adjective’s declension group AND the case, number,
and gender of the noun to be modified:
-
-a, -um adjectives
must take 1st and 2nd declension endings
| |
masculine |
|
feminine |
|
neuter |
|
| |
singular |
plural |
Singular |
plural |
singular |
plural |
| Nominative |
-us/-r |
-î |
-a |
-ae |
-um |
-a |
| Genitive |
-î |
-ôrum |
-ae |
- ârum |
-î |
-ôrum |
| Dative |
-ô |
- îs |
-ae |
- îs |
-ô |
- îs |
| Accusative |
-um |
-ôs |
-am |
- âs |
-um |
-a |
| Ablative |
-ô |
- îs |
- â |
- îs |
-ô |
- îs |
| Vocative |
-e/-r |
-î |
-a |
-ae |
-um |
-a |
-
not –a, -um adjectives
must take 3rd declension i-stem endings
| |
m/f |
m/f |
neuter |
neuter |
|
s. |
pl. |
s. |
pl. |
| Nom |
unpredictable |
-ês |
unpredictable |
-ia |
| Gen |
-is |
-ium |
-is |
-ium |
| Dat |
-î |
-ibus |
-î |
-ibus |
| Acc |
-em |
-ês |
unpredictable |
-ia |
| Abl |
-î |
-ibus |
-î |
-ibus |
| Voc |
unpredictable |
-ês |
unpredictable |
-ia |
-
An adjective takes the same case, number,
and gender as the noun it modifies
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